Produced by inoculating fresh bovine bile with bilirubin and cholic acid and simulating the conditions of gallstone formation in vitro, giving properties and composition closely matching natural bezoar. It clears the heart, resolves phlegm, opens the orifices, cools the liver, extinguishes wind and resolves toxicity, and is a precious ingredient of well-known medicines such as Angong Niuhuang Wan and Niuhuang Jiedu Pian. Multiple specifications are offered to replace natural bezoar and ease the shortage of supply.
